Ireland Building Costs Shipping Container House vs House

Ireland Building Costs Shipping Container Ho map vs HouseChapter 1An synopsis of aim and objectives.A review of the investigate undertaken by early(a)s.An outline of what will be discussed th gawkyout the dissertation.1.1 Thesis StructureChapter OneIntroductionThis plane section introduces the thesis topic, outlines aims and objectives and briefly explains the current signal situation in capital of Ireland.Chapter dickensLiterature ReviewThe chapter provides the background of raptus containers and review of outgrowth examples made of shipping containers rough the world.Chapter ThreeResearch MethodologyThis section demonst place the research scheme that attain been used by the reference to obtain relevant information and how these findings will be used toAlso research limitations are mentioned in this section.Chapter quadPresentation of research findingsThis chapter presents selective information received from on hand(predicate) sources.Chapter FiveAnalysis of researc h findingsThis section focus on analysis and comparison of data received.Chapter half-dozenConclusions and RecommendationsThis chapter will conclude the study by summarising all findings and data which allow the author to draw conclusions and make recommendations based on findings readdressing them to the aim and objectives.Chapter 2This section consists of an account of published articles and paper. Available literary works is related to shipping containers and current trapping situation in capital of Ireland.The chapter provides the background of shipping containers, which may be a possible solution for indispensability adjustment in Dublin.Literature review starts with the history of shipping containers. Then it overviews the different uses of shipping containers, strength and weaknesses, their availability, as soundly as a review of development examples made of shipping containers around the world.Chapter 3This chapter explains the research design and methodology undertak en for this study. To create a structured and well-ordered thesis an author created the research diagram which demonstrate the whole process of research and where it could lead. Empty bubbles show the possibilities that may occur during the further data collection and research. The original image is included in the Appendix section.The research area, an author is focusing, has not been researched previously, in terms of an Irish perspective. Therefore finding data for the thesis will have to be interpreted by means of investigation of existing data, and based on the examples from other countries.3.1 Research questionThe study aims to answer whether shipping containers are suitable for necessity accommodation as an alternative to other types of house solutions.3.2 Research processTo achieve the aim of that study, following areas have to be investigatedThe background of shipping containers.Segregate two concepts hearth and hint accommodationDetermine the meaning of temporary acc ommodation. Determine the meaning of home.Investigate of current lodgment situation in Dublin in terms of the housing supply, demand and lease prices.To determine nip housing providers in DublinCompare the construction cost of providing conventional housing vs. shipping container housing.Investigate social acceptance of shipping container dramatic arts.In order to achieve the objectives of this study the necessary methods of research were identified. origin chooses to use primary (e-survey, case study) and secondary methods or research.3.3 Primary researchThere are many types of primary research which consists of surveys, interviews, observations, analysis, etc. during which data is calm from the real world.For this thesis author chooses, e-survey questionnaire and case study analysis.3.3.1 Survey questionnaireThe one of the primary research method is survey questionnaire when information is collected from the individuals through their responses to the questions knowing in r elation to studys research.Fink (2003) believes that questionnaire surveys would be one of the best methods in collecting data on the observations, attitudes, feelings, experiences or opinions.Questionnaire surveys may not be viable and reliable, however, it was decided to use this method to investigate social acceptance of shipping container houses. The target audience have not been chosen as author judge to receive unbiased opinion from a variety of respondents. E-survey questionnaire included ten questions. They were drafted and posted online. Fifty responses have been received so far. Also the same questions have been sent by email to selected professionals who are working in the areas such as housing, social housing, planning and development, urban economy, charity housing organizations and are right off related to the thesis topic.3.3.2 Case studyCase study method is comprehensive as it can use many approach shotes for data collection.A case-study approach has been chosen to investigate and overview an existing development projects around the world. 3.4 Secondary researchThe secondary research consists of data and information collected from existing sources, such as journals, text books, websites, company and government reports and publications (Creswell, 2007). Hence, sources mentioned above were used to gather available information which was directly related to the thesis topic. For this study author uses available publications review and online sources.3.4.1 Literature reviewTo obtain the information for this study relevant literature relating to containers background and existing developments around the world were reviewed. An extensive search for literature was undertaken of previous thesis and dissertations, journals, reports and related websites. The sources of literature are evident in the references.The literature review was a method of learning such as author examined the literature which has been wrote and analysed by others (professional s, scholars, experts). Secondary research was essential in completing the literature review chapter as it was guidance towards further information sources to complete this study. This conduct in to investigation of further topics such as determination the meaning of home and emergency accommodation investigation of the current housing supply, demand and rental prices in Dublin determination of emergency housing providers in Dublin.3.4.2 Online sourcesThe just about information required was freely available from the websites. However, the internet is vast but exceedingly disorganized source of information. To use it effectively, we must be able to formulate a search strategy using appropriate keywords (How at al., 2005).Keywords used for the research were emergency accommodation, shipping container houses, shipping container prices, shipping container house manufacturers, construction costs, Irish housing market, supply, demand, accommodation for rent/for sale, meaning of home, ho melessness, etc.Shipping container suppliers and shipping container house manufacturers were contacted by email in relation to shipping containers cost and construction costs of shipping containers houses.3.5 Expected OutcomesThrough the research author expects to rationalise wherefore shipping container houses are not used in Irish construction industry while they are widely used in other countries bring out advantages and disadvantages of shipping container houses to find an answer if demand of emergency accommodation meets supply in other words if there is a shortage of that type of emergency accommodation in Dublin. It is in like manner important to get to know the social acceptance of shipping container houses (positive or negative).3.6 LimitationsThe main objective of this study is to compare of traditional house twist cost against shipping container house edifice cost. However, those two units cannot be compared directly as it is usually done in a holding market valuati on, when properties with similar parameters ( coat, location, condition, etc.) are compared to calculate its market value, rental value, capital value and etc.The layout of units is seen as limitation in terms of comparison as well. Such as units are so unlike that there is no basis for comparison. Therefore author decided to concentrate on the shipping container house which is close by size to minimum requirements allowed in Ireland and compare it with traditional house multiplying the same size (considering that shipping container is in a same size as traditional house unit) per price per sq metre.Such as there are only two shipping container houses in Ireland, thus large data set analysis is not currently possible because costs are not disclosed. Analysis must be limited and entrust on projects from around the world that are available for review. Therefore, methodology of research primarily relies upon literature review, questionnaire survey, case studies and financial analysis of available construction data.For this reason, author decided rely on shipping container housing prices in UK. Costs in pounds will be converted to Euros in accordance with the relevant exchange rate.Another barrier is to obtain the most up to dated statistical data that relates to the current housing market such as supply and demand. In this case, for example, some papers are issued once a year, so the information is old enough. However, data obtained is going to be used with assumptions that population sireth would be faster than address of required accommodation. Thus, demand for housing will continue to increase and consequently demand for emergency housing will stay high.Chapter 44.1 Current housing situation in Dublin in terms of the housing supply, demand and rental prices.Dublins housing stock has 535,000 properties. 3,619 properties were listed for sale last year in Dublin which is 7.7% less than previous year, according to My stead (2016).SCSI (2017) believes that acti vity levels were decreased due to Central Bank mortgage lending restrictions which are not conductive to the first-time buyers and also UKs decision to leave the EU.However, demand for housing will remain high due to changed household structures and increased demand for single mortal households (RIAI, 2016).Dublin experiences low supply to meet growing demand which is caused by rapid population growth and fast decline of unemployment (CIF, 2016 Duffy at al, 2016).As a result drop of supply supported the rise in house prices, therefore more people who wish to buy a home, but cannot afford it are force to continue to rent (My Home, 2017).Moreover this may intensify pressure on social housing increasing the social housing waiting list, put up(a) pressure on rents and force some people into homelessness (CIF, 2016 Duffy at al, 2016).Residential property values in the Dublin Region increased by 64.7% since 2013 and is forecasted to grow further by 6.6% in 2017. Key factors that bou t role for positive growth were the shortage in crude house builds, increased employment rates an improvement in mortgage lending and finance availability improved consumer confidence and economic stability (SCSI, 2017). p18Research shows that average couple-nurse, Garda, teacher or genteel servants with 5 years experience-are unable to secure a mortgage for average priced house in housing market (CIF, 2016 Duffy at al, 2016).The same factors mentioned before play role for Private Rented Sector (PRS) which according to (McCartney, 2017) is growing.Since Q1 2011 the numeral of people in PRS- Private Rented Sector increased by 107,500 in Dublin (McCartney, 2017).The total material body of tenancies registered with RTB in Q4 2016 stands at 325,375 and represents 705,465 occupants (RTB, 2017)Between September and December of previous year 2016 rents rose by an average of 13.5% and now are 14% higher than in the 2008. An average rental prices in Dublin are demonstrate in the table a nd chart belowAverage rentY-on-Y changeNorth city 1,52914.4%City Centre 1,65515.5%South City 1,76313.9%North County 1,37514.9%South County 1,85514.2%West County 1,44613.9%Availability of properties increased by 200 in Dublin and almost 1,600 properties were available to rent on the 1st February 2017 (Lyons, 2016)Nearly 20,000 households were qualified for social housing support in 2016 (Housing Agency, 2016). However, the current stock of social housing is insufficient to cheerful social housing need (ICSH, 2016). To all the factors influence housing market in Dublin mentioned above, there is also the number of vacant dwellings which represents an inefficient use of valuable resources and makes negative impact on local areas and communities. Census 2016 records 35,000 vacant dwellings in Dublin (Housing Agency, 2017).To satisfied social housing need in July of 2016 authorities launched an ambitious plan to provide housing nationally. During six years 47,000 hot social hous es and 25,000 new units (yearly) have to be create (SCSI, 2017).During 2015 there were only 12,600 new houses built instead of 21,000 (ICI, 2016).Currently, Dublin city region experiences shortfall of 35,242 homes (Housing Agency, 2017).But despite of that development activity is growing every year as demonstrated in Table belowPlanning Permissions in Dublin region20122013201420152016-57%77%-8%129%27%Some of 12,388 housing units were granted with planning permission in the 2016 (CIS, 2016)According to Housing Agency, (2017a) Dublin City Region will require 33,109 new homes during 2016-2020. Their analysis shows that annual average of required houses is 6,600 per annum over the period to 2020.4.2 segregation of two concepts home and emergency accommodationVery often people do not fully understand the meaning of home and meaning of emergency accommodation. They are confused of those two concepts. Therefore author thinks that those two concepts have to be clearly explained to the rea der.4.2.1 The meaning of homeAll of us even the rattling homeless live somewhere and each therefore stands in some relation to land as owner-occupier, tenant, licensee or squatter (Gray, and Symes, 1983).There is no a straight or single answer what does home means. The answer is very complex and multidimensional. First of all home is physical structure which provides privacy, comfort, safety, continuity and permanence. Home also represents the success, family wealth so it can be considered as a financial investment which can be accumulated and then passed on to prox generations as inheritance. But again, home is not only financial asset. It could be seen as identity and self-identity which relates to the deep emotional meaning and particularly memories tided to the places where we live. And it can be a place for self-expression (Gray, and Symes, 1983 Stern, 2009 Fox, 2013).Home means different things to different people. Furthermore, the meanings that home represents to an occup ier may change over their life course (Fox, 2006).4.2.2 The meaning of emergency accommodationThe role of emergency accommodation is to provide short-term accommodation for people who are homeless or those who are in crisis. In other words, it could help people who are quiescence on the street those who are in danger of being hurt in their own homes (experiencing domestic violence), or those who are evicted from home and have no place where to stay until new permanent place to live will be found.Emergency Accommodation includes apartments, personal houses and BBs, hostels and hotels.Emergency housing provides only basic necessities, such as a place to sleep, shower, do laundry, get clothing, and eat or get money for food.http//settlement.org/ontario/housing/emergency-and-short-term-housing/emergency-housing/what-is-emergency-housing/http//www.thejournal.ie/homeless-hostels-housing-first-accommodation-1678286-Oct2014/4.3 Reasons for Becoming HomelessThere is no single reason why pe ople become homeless. There are many causes which can be rigid such as structural causes, when people are at risk of becoming homeless due to financial crisis that causes poverty, unemployment, and lack of full(a) quality, affordable housing Institutional Causes, touches those people who leaving prison or mental health institutions and nowhere to go to on their release/discharge Relationship Causes Personal Causes, when person is addictive to the alcohol or/and drug use, mental illness, learning difficulties. People with combination of these factors are the most vulnerable part of society and in most cases become homeless.http//www.dubsimon.ie/Homelessness/ReasonsforBecomingHomeless.aspx4.4 An overview of the current situation in Dublin in terms of emergency accommodation1007 families with 2026 dependents were registered as homeless in the first month of 2017in Dublin region. 764 families with 1551 dependents were accommodated in hotels and 243 families with 495 dependents in home less accommodation (DRHE, 2017). Table below shows the number of individuals in Emergency Accommodation.Jan-16Feb-16Mar-16Apr-16May-16Jun-16Jul-16Aug-16Sep-16Oct-16Nov-16Dec-16Jan-17Homeless adults2678269227502806276728712922295029883036302131623247Adults (no dependents)1636162916181618154916011591161216311660165617801894Families76979083988891393999399810141026102310281007Single parent496517546588608608655658671676678674661Couple273273293300305331338340343350345354346 subject of dependents1570161617231786184718942020201220652110211020962046http//www.dubsimon.ie/Homelessness/HomelessStatistics/DublinStatistics.aspxThere are approximately 3000 beds available in emergency accommodation in Dublin region. The chart below demonstrates the number of empty beds in emergency accommodation during Christmas and the New Year period. There are few reasons in relation to increased vacancy. One of the reasons is the provision of significant number of additional new beds another reason is that some people do not use any other form of shelter they only accept to sleep rough some of them combine rough sleeping with access to emergency accommodation (DRHE, 2016).Figure 9Despite of that, in winter 2016 there were discovered 142 persons sleeping rough which represents an increase of 51 persons in comparison with winter 2015The majority of sleeping rough are those of aged between 31and 40 which accounts for 38%, 27% were aged 18- 30 and another 27% aged 41-50, aged 51 years and over represent remaining 8%. Chart below demonstrates the number of adults discovered sleeping rough on the night of the rough sleeping count which took place on the night of 22nd November 2016 (DRHE, 2016).4.5 Minimum infrastructure areas and standards for the accommodation of single personEvery type of building and its surroundings must provide safety and welfare for people. Therefore all developments should be built in accordance with the prescribed National Guidelines. The minimum requirements are set out in 12 parts which are classified as Parts A to M (DHPCLG, 2017).Table below is created to demonstrate minimum size requirements for one bedroom apartment and studio flat (ESLG, 2015).Minimum overall apartment floor areasStudio40 sq mOne bedroom45 sq mTable Source http//www.housing.gov.ie/sites/default/files/publications/files/apartment_guidelines_21122015.pdf4.6 Building costs of shipping container houseContainer homes are built out of new purpose built and highly secure steel units and include living spaces, bedrooms, kitchens and bathrooms. For an additional 30-40% cost container houses can be built to meet UK building control regulations.Example of container home sizes and prices provided by manufacturerSize in feetsSize in Sq mDescriptionSterlingsEurosAppendix20 x 814.90single unit container home11,99513785Plan 124 x 1022.30double unit container homes16,99519531Plan 230 x 1027.87single unit container home19,99522979Plan 340 x 1037.16double bedroom container home22,99526426Pl an 440 x 1244.59double bedroom container home24,99524,995Plan 5http//www.container-housing.co.uk/container-homes-costs/4.7 Building costs of traditional houseAuthor uses house building costs produced by the Quantity Surveying Professional Group of the Society of hired Surveyors Ireland (SCSI). The Society of Chartered Surveyors analysed a number of live house building projects in the Greater Dublin Area. Extensive and detailed study has been done on the 30 units that were under construction in late 2015 and early 2016. Chartered Quantity Surveyors analysed all cost inputs.For the comparison purposes only hard costs were taken into consideration for this study, where the figures assume structure (traditional strip foundation on good bearing soil) superstructure (timber or block work frame, render finish, tiled roof, insulated to 2011 Part L) completion (double glazed windows paint grade softwood doors, skirting window boards internally) finishes (paint washed-up walls, tiling to ba th and shower rooms) fittings (Fitted kitchen c/w Formica w/t wardrobe to main all bedrooms (no appliances)) Services (including Sanitary ware, rainwater, solar panel, oestrus recovery, condensing boiler and radiator, plastic fittings and pendants throughout for electricity, wired for alarm).Any other costs such as site preparation, VAT, professional fees, land acquisition and development costs, finance costs were excluded.Hard costs according to SCSI research is 1084 per square metre.Author excluded from comparison smaler size units and took into account only units that are close to building requirements. As was mentioned in section 4.4 minimum overall floor areas are for studio flat 40 sq m and one bedroom apartment 45 sq m.Size in Sq mDescriptionEurosAppendix37.16double bedroom traditional home40,281Plan 444.59double bedroom traditional home48,336Plan 5https//www.scsi.ie/documents/get_lob?id=885field=filehttps//www.scsi.ie/advice/house_rebuilding_calculator4.8 Survey questionnai re4.9 Case studiesChapter 5In this chapter I am going to analyse all of the data found through my research. And I would try to establish the link between literature and data collected.First, it focused exclusively on single person accommodation.5.1 Shipping container house versus traditiona